From new productive forces to breakthroughs in foreign trade, experts: These elements inject new vitality into China’s economy

Experts believe that China\’s overall foreign trade situation in the first quarter of this year is good, which is a good start for the whole year, especially small and medium-sized enterprises.
On April 23, the China Journalists Association held a press teahouse in Shanghai for the first time.
Five experts from the Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, interpreted the Chinese economy around current hot topics, such as new productivity and foreign investment.
Experts attending the meeting believed that a new round of technological revolution, green and digital transformation, urban-rural integrated development, consumption optimization and upgrading, etc., will inject new vitality into the Chinese economy.
Wang Lei, deputy director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and vice chairman of the National Global Strategy Think Tank, believes that shifting from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage is a basic feature of China’s economic development today. It is also an important step in observing and understanding China’s economic situation and The fundamental basis for China’s economic policy formulation.
Ma Tao, deputy director of the International Political Economy Research Office of the Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyzed that the continuous optimization of the industrial structure not only improves the quality of economic growth, but also provides opportunities for China to integrate into the international cycle at a higher level and maintain the stable operation of the global supply chain. A solid foundation.
Optimistic about the prospects for foreign trade this year. Regarding the topic of new productivity, which is currently attracting much attention, Xiao Lisheng, director of the Global Macroeconomic Research Office of the Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that the core of new productivity is innovation-led and at the same time breaks away from the traditional economic growth mode. , “The combination with overseas and cutting-edge technology will be of great help in improving new productivity.
The policy of expanding opening up that China has always advocated is inseparable from the improvement of new productive forces.\”
The latest released China\’s foreign trade data shows that China\’s total import and export value of goods trade in the first quarter was 10.17 trillion yuan, exceeding 10 trillion yuan for the first time in the same period in history, a year-on-year increase of 5%, and the growth rate hit a new high in six quarters.
Among them, China’s total import value in the first quarter was 4.43 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5%.
In terms of products, compared with the same period last year, imports of energy products and metal ore increased by 8% and 5% respectively; imports of integrated circuits and semiconductor manufacturing equipment increased by 14.3% and 82.7% respectively.
The year-on-year growth rates of imports of textiles and clothing, dried and fresh fruits, beef, televisions, and racing bicycles all exceeded double digits.
In this regard, Ma Tao told China Business News that the overall foreign trade situation in the first quarter was good, which was a good start for the whole year, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, which performed well.
Data show that in the first quarter, the export and import growth rates of China\’s private enterprises were 4.8 percentage points and 7.8 percentage points faster than the overall foreign trade growth respectively. The import and export scale of private enterprises accounted for 54.3% of China\’s total import and export value, stabilizing and consolidating their status as the main body of foreign trade. .
Last year, China\’s \”three new products\” (new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products) exports exceeded one trillion yuan for the first time, which also left a deep impression on Ma Tao.
“Although the ‘new three items’ account for a small proportion of the overall scale of mechanical and electrical products, the rapid export performance illustrates the structural optimization and upgrading of China’s export products, and China’s technological innovation is one of the very important highlights.
\”He believes that China\’s foreign trade this year will continue the above-mentioned advantages and is relatively optimistic about the full-year trend.
To welcome a new round of global development, Ma Tao explained to China Business News that overcapacity is a complex issue that involves both the macro level and international trade. “From an economic point of view, Under the market mechanism, the balance between supply and demand is a relative state, while the imbalance between supply and demand is the norm.
Any country that implements a market economy will encounter the problem of overcapacity.
Under open economic conditions, overcapacity depends not only on domestic demand and supply, but also on the supply and demand relationship for industries and products in the international market.
\”He took the new energy industry as an example. Whether it is domestic analytical data or predictions from international organizations such as the International Energy Agency, the global demand for new energy vehicles and newly installed photovoltaic capacity will continue to rise in the future.
Therefore, he emphasized that how to judge the surplus of an industry or product requires rigorous analysis from the market and supply and demand sides.
Ma Tao also told China Business News that the recent accusations from Europe and the United States that China’s so-called advantages in new energy industries stem from subsidies are untenable. “The United States and Europe have previously introduced the Chip Act, the Inflation Reduction Act, etc., all for the sake of Protect or support the development of domestic automobile, chip and other related industries.\”
As for U.S. President Biden’s previous announcement that U.S. Trade Representative Dai Qi would consider “tripleling” the tariffs on Chinese steel and aluminum products from the current 7.5% to 25% before the investigation of the current “Section 301” is concluded, Ma said Tao said that judging from China\’s current situation, China\’s steel manufacturing mainly meets the needs of domestic economic development. The amount exported to foreign countries accounts for about 6% of China\’s total output, which is far lower than the export proportion of Japan and South Korea (70%~80%). , \”The US statement is completely inconsistent with the facts.\”
Previously, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin responded to relevant questions at a regular press conference, saying that China has always believed that the essence of Sino-US economic and trade relations is mutual benefit, that there are no winners in trade wars, and that the US\’s imposition of Section 301 tariffs on China has seriously disrupted the normalcy of China and the US. Economic and trade exchanges have harmed the interests of enterprises in both countries, especially American consumers, and have been ruled by the WTO to violate its rules.
\”We urge the United States to earnestly abide by WTO rules, cancel all additional tariffs imposed on China, and refrain from further increasing tariffs.
China will take all necessary measures to defend its rights and interests.
\”Wang Wenbin said.
Ma Tao told reporters that in the era of globalization, trade frictions or conflicts will only bring harm to the country. \”It is crucial to uphold the attitude of global development and welcome a new round of global development.\”